02832nas a2200445   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260000800043100002000051700001600071700002000087700002100107700001800128700002400146700002300170700002200193700001600215700002100231700001700252700001700269700002000286700001500306700001500321700001900336700001700355700001600372700002300388700001700411700001700428700001200445700001800457700002600475700001600501700002000517245009800537300001100635490000700646520171900653022001402372       2023                            d  cmay1 aMaria Hägglund1 aAnna Kharko1 aAnnika Bärkås1 aCharlotte Blease1 aÅsa Cajander1 aCatherine DesRoches1 aAsbjørn Fagerlund1 aJosefin Hagström1 aIsto Huvila1 aIiris Hörhammer1 aBridget Kane1 aGunnar Klein1 aEli Kristiansen1 aJonas Moll1 aIrene Muli1 aHanife Rexhepi1 aSara Riggare1 aPeeter Ross1 aIsabella Scandurra1 aSaija Simola1 aHedvig Soone1 aBo Wang1 aMaedeh Zolbin1 aRose-Mharie Åhlfeldt1 aSari Kujala1 aMonika Johansen00aIs Patient Online Record Access Ready for the European Health Data Space : A Nordic Viewpoint  ae490840 v263 aThe Nordic countries are, together with the United States, forerunners in online record access (ORA), which has now become widespread. The importance of accessible and structured health data has also been highlighted by policy  makers internationally. To ensure the full realization of ORA s potential in the short and long term, there is a pressing need to study ORA from a cross-disciplinary, clinical, humanistic, and social sciences perspective that looks beyond strictly technical aspects. In this viewpoint paper, we explore the policy changes in the European Health Data Space (EHDS) proposal to advance ORA across the European Union, informed by our research in a Nordic-led project that carries out the first of its kind, large-scale international investigation of patients  ORA—-NORDeHEALTH (Nordic eHealth for Patients: Benchmarking and Developing for the Future). We argue that the EHDS proposal will pave the way for patients to access and control third-party access to their electronic health records. In our analysis of the proposal, we have identified five key principles for ORA: (1) the right to access, (2) proxy access, (3) patient input of their own data, (4) error and omission rectification, and (5) access control. ORA implementation today is fragmented throughout Europe, and the EHDS proposal aims to ensure all European citizens have equal online access to their health data. However, we argue that in order to implement the EHDS, we need more research evidence on the key ORA principles we have identified in our analysis. Results from the NORDeHEALTH project provide some of that evidence, but we have also identified important knowledge gaps that still need further exploration.  a1438-8871